xen/arm: mpu: Create boot-time MPU protection regions

Define enable_boot_cpu_mm() for the Armv8-R AArch64.

Like boot-time page table in MMU system, we need a boot-time MPU protection
region configuration in MPU system so Xen can fetch code and data from normal
memory.

To do this, Xen maps the following sections of the binary as separate regions
(with permissions) :-
1. Text (Read only at EL2, execution is permitted)
2. RO data (Read only at EL2)
3. RO after init data and RW data (Read/Write at EL2)
4. Init Text (Read only at EL2, execution is permitted)
5. Init data and BSS (Read/Write at EL2)

Before creating a region, we check if the count exceeds the number defined in
MPUIR_EL2. If so, then the boot fails.

Also we check if the region is empty or not. IOW, if the start and end address
are same, we skip mapping the region.

To map a region, Xen uses the PRBAR_EL2, PRLAR_EL2 and PRSELR_EL2 registers.
One can refer to ARM DDI 0600B.a ID062922 G1.3  "General System Control
Registers", to get the definitions of these registers. Also, refer to G1.2
"Accessing MPU memory region registers", the following

```
The MPU provides two register interfaces to program the MPU regions:
- Access to any of the MPU regions via PRSELR_ELx, PRBAR<n>_ELx, and
PRLAR<n>_ELx.
```

We use the above mechanism to create the MPU memory regions.

Also, the compiler needs the flag ("-march=armv8-r") in order to build Xen for
Armv8-R AArch64 MPU based systems. There will be no need for us to explicitly
define MPU specific registers.

Signed-off-by: Ayan Kumar Halder <ayan.kumar.halder@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Luca Fancellu <luca.fancellu@arm.com>
Acked-by: Julien Grall <jgrall@amazon.com>

xen/arch/arm/arch.mk

@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@ CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM_32) += -msoft-float
 CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM_32) += -mcpu=cortex-a15
 CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM_32) += -mno-unaligned-access
 
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_MPU),y)
+CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM_64) += -march=armv8-r
+else
 CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM_64) += -mcpu=generic
+endif
 CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM_64) += -mgeneral-regs-only # No fp registers etc
 $(call cc-option-add,CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM_64),CC,-mno-outline-atomics)
 

xen/arch/arm/arm64/mpu/Makefile

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+obj-y += head.o
 obj-y += mm.o

xen/arch/arm/arm64/mpu/head.S

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
+/*
+ * Start-of-day code for an Armv8-R MPU system.
+ */
+
+#include <asm/arm64/mpu.h>
+
+#define REGION_TEXT_PRBAR       0x38    /* SH=11 AP=10 XN=00 */
+#define REGION_RO_PRBAR         0x3A    /* SH=11 AP=10 XN=10 */
+#define REGION_DATA_PRBAR       0x32    /* SH=11 AP=00 XN=10 */
+
+#define REGION_NORMAL_PRLAR     0x0f    /* NS=0 ATTR=111 EN=1 */
+
+/*
+ * Macro to prepare and set a EL2 MPU memory region.
+ * We will also create an according MPU memory region entry, which
+ * is a structure of pr_t,  in table \prmap.
+ *
+ * sel:         region selector
+ * base:        reg storing base address
+ * limit:       reg storing limit address
+ * prbar:       store computed PRBAR_EL2 value
+ * prlar:       store computed PRLAR_EL2 value
+ * maxcount:    maximum number of EL2 regions supported
+ * attr_prbar:  PRBAR_EL2-related memory attributes. If not specified it will be
+ *              REGION_DATA_PRBAR
+ * attr_prlar:  PRLAR_EL2-related memory attributes. If not specified it will be
+ *              REGION_NORMAL_PRLAR
+ *
+ * Preserves \maxcount
+ * Output:
+ *  \sel: Next available region selector index.
+ * Clobbers \base, \limit, \prbar, \prlar
+ *
+ * Note that all parameters using registers should be distinct.
+ */
+.macro prepare_xen_region, sel, base, limit, prbar, prlar, maxcount, attr_prbar=REGION_DATA_PRBAR, attr_prlar=REGION_NORMAL_PRLAR
+    /* Check if the region is empty */
+    cmp   \base, \limit
+    beq   1f
+
+    /* Check if the number of regions exceeded the count specified in MPUIR_EL2 */
+    cmp   \sel, \maxcount
+    bge   fail_insufficient_regions
+
+    /* Prepare value for PRBAR_EL2 reg and preserve it in \prbar.*/
+    and   \base, \base, #MPU_REGION_MASK
+    mov   \prbar, #\attr_prbar
+    orr   \prbar, \prbar, \base
+
+    /* Limit address should be inclusive */
+    sub   \limit, \limit, #1
+    and   \limit, \limit, #MPU_REGION_MASK
+    mov   \prlar, #\attr_prlar
+    orr   \prlar, \prlar, \limit
+
+    msr   PRSELR_EL2, \sel
+    isb
+    msr   PRBAR_EL2, \prbar
+    msr   PRLAR_EL2, \prlar
+    dsb   sy
+    isb
+
+    add   \sel, \sel, #1
+
+1:
+.endm
+
+/*
+ * Failure caused due to insufficient MPU regions.
+ */
+FUNC_LOCAL(fail_insufficient_regions)
+    PRINT("- Selected MPU region is above the implemented number in MPUIR_EL2 -\r\n")
+1:  wfe
+    b   1b
+END(fail_insufficient_regions)
+
+/*
+ * Maps the various sections of Xen (described in xen.lds.S) as different MPU
+ * regions.
+ *
+ * Clobbers x0 - x5
+ *
+ */
+FUNC(enable_boot_cpu_mm)
+    /* Get the number of regions specified in MPUIR_EL2 */
+    mrs   x5, MPUIR_EL2
+    and   x5, x5, #NUM_MPU_REGIONS_MASK
+
+    /* x0: region sel */
+    mov   x0, xzr
+    /* Xen text section. */
+    ldr   x1, =_stext
+    ldr   x2, =_etext
+    prepare_xen_region x0, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, attr_prbar=REGION_TEXT_PRBAR
+
+    /* Xen read-only data section. */
+    ldr   x1, =_srodata
+    ldr   x2, =_erodata
+    prepare_xen_region x0, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, attr_prbar=REGION_RO_PRBAR
+
+    /* Xen read-only after init and data section. (RW data) */
+    ldr   x1, =__ro_after_init_start
+    ldr   x2, =__init_begin
+    prepare_xen_region x0, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5
+
+    /* Xen code section. */
+    ldr   x1, =__init_begin
+    ldr   x2, =__init_data_begin
+    prepare_xen_region x0, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, attr_prbar=REGION_TEXT_PRBAR
+
+    /* Xen data and BSS section. */
+    ldr   x1, =__init_data_begin
+    ldr   x2, =__bss_end
+    prepare_xen_region x0, x1, x2, x3, x4, x5
+
+    ret
+END(enable_boot_cpu_mm)
+
+/*
+ * Local variables:
+ * mode: ASM
+ * indent-tabs-mode: nil
+ * End:
+ */

xen/arch/arm/include/asm/arm64/mpu.h

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
+/*
+ * mpu.h: Arm Memory Protection Unit definitions.
+ */
+
+#ifndef __ARM64_MPU_H__
+#define __ARM64_MPU_H__
+
+#define MPU_REGION_SHIFT  6
+#define MPU_REGION_ALIGN  (_AC(1, UL) << MPU_REGION_SHIFT)
+#define MPU_REGION_MASK   (~(MPU_REGION_ALIGN - 1))
+
+#define NUM_MPU_REGIONS_SHIFT   8
+#define NUM_MPU_REGIONS         (_AC(1, UL) << NUM_MPU_REGIONS_SHIFT)
+#define NUM_MPU_REGIONS_MASK    (NUM_MPU_REGIONS - 1)
+#endif /* __ARM64_MPU_H__ */
+
+/*
+ * Local variables:
+ * mode: C
+ * c-file-style: "BSD"
+ * c-basic-offset: 4
+ * indent-tabs-mode: nil
+ * End:
+ */

xen/arch/arm/include/asm/mm.h

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_MMU)
 # include <asm/mmu/mm.h>
-#else
+#elif !defined(CONFIG_MPU)
 # error "Unknown memory management layout"
 #endif
 

xen/arch/arm/xen.lds.S

@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ SECTIONS
        *(.altinstr_replacement)
   } :text
   . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+  __init_data_begin = .;
   .init.data : {
        *(.init.rodata)
        *(.init.rodata.*)